In 2015, nigeria s estimated maternal mortality ratio was over 800 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births, with approximately 58 000 maternal deaths during that year. Eclampsia, ruptured uterus and anemia were responsible for about 50% of maternal deaths. As of 2015, the maternal mortality rate in nigeria was 814 deaths per 100,000 live births. The development of mnch policies, implementation and publication of interventions corresponds with the downward trend of maternal and child mortality in nigeria. High maternal mortality has been explained by some.
This major discrepancy is a measure of the standard of healthcare system in subsaharan africa. Maternal mortality ratio of nigeria and india for years 20062015. Despite recent focus on maternal mortality in nigeria, its rates remain. However, between 1990 and 2010, the global maternal mortality ratio i. Many research findings revealed that nigeria and many less develop countries has high maternal death burden with high regional variation in terms of utilization of.
By comparison, the total number of maternal deaths in 2015 in the 46 most developed countries was 1700, resulting in a maternal mortality ratio of 12 maternal deaths per 100. With a population of about 100 million for nigeria, and an estimate that females ln the reproductive age group 15 44 years make up 20% of the population fmoh, 1985, there are about 20 million in this category. The remaining 3% of the population live in the malaria free highlands. Nigeria has a successfully reduced the maternal mortality ratio. A continuing tragedy of maternal mortality in a rural. International maternal mortality in the low and middle income countries, direct causes account for 7580% of maternal mortality and include in approximate order of importance. Currently, nigeria s maternal mortality ratio mmr of 560 per 100,000 live births is higher than the subsaharan african average of 510. Currently, nigeria has the second highest burden of maternal mortality in the world and contributes about 15 percent of the annual total global deaths which represent two percent of the global population.
The consequences of maternal morbidity and maternal mortality. Nigeria 3 nigeria maternal and newborn health disparities in 2015, 7,100,000 babies were born in nigeria, or around 19,500 every day. And in 2015, mortality ratio for nigeria was 814 deaths per 100,000 live births. A total of 4154 maternal deaths occurred among 171 621 deliveries, yielding an mmr of 2420 deaths per 100 000. Curbing maternal and child mortality academic journals. Levels and determinants of maternal mortality in northern. Reduction in maternal deaths by 75% in 2015 is a cardinal target of the millennium development goals. Maternal mortality and maternal health care in nigeria. Sociocultural factors influencing maternal health outcomes in. Maternal mortality in nigeria international journal of humanities.
Maternal mortality is a major health problem, especially in nigeria, where accurate autopsybased data on the prevalent causes are not readily available. Barriers to safe motherhood in nigeria march 2009 highlights nigeria has one of the highest maternal mortality ratios in the world. Maternal mortality and morbidity is a marker of the status of health of the population. The global maternal mortality ratio in 1983 was estimated to be 390 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. Maternal mortality is still a major risk for women of childbearing age in nigeria. Full text reducing rural maternal mortality and the. The objective of the survey was to provide reliable estimates of demographic and health indicators including fertility, family planning methods, breastfeeding practices, nutritional status of women and children, maternal and child health, childhood and adult mortality, womens empowerment. International maternal mortality in the low and middle income countries, direct causes account for 7580% of maternal mortality and include in approximate order of importance, haemorrhage, sepsis, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Reduction in child marriage is highly correlated with a decline in maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Pdf maternal mortality and maternal health care in nigeria.
Obstetric hemorrhage was the commonest cause of maternal mortality mentioned by subjects 85. In nigeria for instance, maternal mortality accounts for 59,000 deaths of women annually 6, 7, 8. Increased level of awareness and perception will reduce maternal mortality rates. There were 8,724 lives births and 84 maternal deaths giving a mmr of. Original article investigating maternal mortality in a public. Maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live births4 2015 814 average annual rate of mmr reduction between 1990 and 2015 % 5 2015 2 lifetime risk of maternal death. Nigeria s maternal mortality rate exceeds deaths per 100,000 live births and is much higher than the african continent average of 800 deaths per 100,000 live births zozulya 2010. A commitment to improve maternal health to be implemented by three tiers of government. Nigeria demographic and health survey 2018 summary. Causes of maternal deaths in northern nigeria research cyber. Currently, nigeria has the second highest burden of maternal mortality in the world and contributes about 15 percent of the annual total global deaths which represent two percent of the. According to the saving mothers, giving life maternal mortality endline census in zambia smgl, maternal deaths accounted for 17.
Full text factors influencing maternal mortality among. In 2015, when much decline was expected, the region accounted for 99% of the global maternal mortality with nigeria carrying the highest burden of 19% 580000 deaths. Department of community health, college of medicine. Determinantscauses of maternal mortality in nigeria. Reducing the high maternal mortality ratio, which is the prime concern, has. There was concomitant high fetal losses with still birth rate of 2151,000 live births and low hospital deliveries with a total live births of 2838 in the triennium.
Maternal mortality ratio modeled estimate, per 100,000. In 2008, nigeria bore 14% of the global burden of maternal mortality. Maternal mortality ratio in nigeria is one of the highest in the world. It is the commissions responsibility to collect, collate, analyse, and disseminate population census and. Trends in maternal mortality at the university of calabar. Introduction in the year 2000, the country with the highest estimated number of maternal death is india 6,000 followed by nigeria 37,000 world health organization, 2004. However, studies have shown that the levels of maternal mortality vary within the country. Maternal and child health interventions in nigeria. Maternal mortality and emergency obstetric care in benin city. Nigeria where it accounts for more cases and there are an estimated 100 million malaria cases maternal mortality. According to unicef, a womans chance of dying from pregnancy and childbirth in nigeria is 1 in. Researchers in nigeria have reported that puerperal sepsis accounts for 12% of maternal deaths in nigeria and that till date, little is known about the background hospital factors that predispose pregnant women to puerperal infection that leads to mortality okonofua et al.
Available national statistics derived from use of the sisterhood method puts her maternal mortality rate at 800 per 100,000 live births national planning commission, 2001. The situation is even grave in rural areas in nigeria where the health care system is poor and overstretched, in addition. Centers for disease control and prevention cdc states. Even though maternal mortality, which is a pregnancy related death is preventable, it has continued to increase in many. Levels and determinants of maternal mortality in northern and. Mar 19, 2018 currently, nigeria is the highest contributor to maternal mortality in central and western africa and contributes 14% to the global maternal mortality rate. Nov 12, 2019 the nigeria demographic and health surveys ndhs revealed a national mmr of 576 deaths per 100,000 livebirths and 545 deaths per 100,000 in 20 and 2008 respectively 10. We found one of the highest maternal mortality ratios in the world. The main causes of the death were haemorrhage 20 23. Maternal mortality and emergency obstetric care in benin. Current estimates indicate that nigeria has one of the highest rates of maternal mortality in the developing world who, 2004. Sociocultural and economic determinants of maternal. Causes and contributory factors of maternal mortality. Five hundred maternal deaths would occur year, given a maternal mortality rate of 10 per 1,000.
Nigeria malaria fact sheet united states department of state. Factors contributing to maternal mortality in northcentral nigeria. Maternal mortality is the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days after. Severe maternal morbidity smm includes unexpected outcomes of labor and delivery that result in. Within nigeria, maternal mortality rate mmr figures differs between geopolitical zones, with southwestern nigeria having one of the lowest rates of preventable maternal and perinatal deaths according to the national demographic and health survey ndhs data 4. Maternal mortality in a nigerian maternity hospital bioline. In other regions, including asia and north africa, even greater headway has been made. Alexanderb a department of geography, bayero university, kano, nigeria b department of maternal and child health, university of alabama at birmingham, birmingham, al. Download pdf bmc pregnancy and childbirth biomed central. Table 1 shows the best available estimates of maternal mortality ratios, total maternal deaths, and lifetime risk of maternal death in the developing world in 1983 and 1990. As unicef states, nigeria loses 145 women to maternal mortality each day.
Causes of maternal mortality in nigeria by maimuna bintu husaini department of sociology, faculty of social and management science, bayero university, kano, nigeria. Awareness and perception of maternal mortality among. Nigeria has taken a step to reduce child marriage through the child rights act. Maternal mortality, sometimes known as maternal death, remains a major cause of death among women of childbearing age in nigeria and many other countries and remains a serious public health concern particularly in developing nations of the world. Maternal and newborn health disparities in nigeria. Full text reducing rural maternal mortality and the equity. Even though maternal mortality, which is a pregnancyrelated death is preventable, it has continued to increase in many. The 20 nigeria demographic and health survey ndhs is the fourth dhs survey to be implemented in nigeria by the national population commission npc. Evaluation of the maternal, newborn and child health week in. Improving maternal health is included in the third goal of the united nations sustainable development goals sdg framework, to which zambia.
Doc major causes of maternal mortality in nigeria maimuna. Nigeria demographic and health survey 2018 summary report. Finally, i commend the ffice of the senior special assistant to the o resident on illennium m p. Jan 11, 2018 nigeria as a country is the second largest contributor to underfive and maternal mortality rate in the world showing poor health indices in relation to maternal and child health. Maternal mortality statistics remain very high in nigeria. Relationship of antenatal care with the prevention of. Based on the findings above, the following recommendations were made. The study was aimed at assessing the awareness and perception of maternal mortality among women in the reproductive age group at ogunu community in warri south local government area of delta. The consequences of maternal morbidity and maternal. Evaluation of the maternal, newborn and child health week. Table 1 maternal mortality ratios over the decade in kano state, northern nigeria, 19901999 year total deliveries total number of maternal deaths mmra per 100 000 95% confidence interval odds ratiob 1990 19117 400 2092 18872297 1. Maternal mortality, removal of user fee, causes, nigeria.
Maternal mortality ratio modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births nigeria who, unicef, unfpa, world bank group, and the united nations population division. Public health strategies to prevent maternal mortality in nigeria the prevention of maternal mortality and consequent improvement in the maternal health of nigerian women is an allencompassing task, which though tedious. Subsaharan africa has been reported to have the highest maternal death proportions of about 56% of global maternal deaths 1,3,7,8. Jun 23, 2015 the maternal mortality rate mmr in nigeria was 560 per 100,000 live births in 20. In subsaharan africa, a number of countries have halved their levels of maternal mortality since 1990. Although patterns vary by region, highrisk births persist in nigeria. Pdf the issue of maternal mortality in the developing world is still a major concern for health planners and policymakers. Sociocultural factors influencing maternal health outcomes. The struggle to reduce high maternal mortality in nigeria. However, there was still slow progress in millennium development goals 4 and 5.
Nigerian maternal mortality rate has increased from 470 maternal deaths to 630 maternal deaths for every 100,000 live births from 1990 to 2012 kucharski, 20. Curbing, maternal, child, mortality, nigerian experience. Malaria in nigeria malaria is a major public health problem in deaths than any other country in the world. Trends in maternal mortality triennial report for the period 1 st january 20 to 31 st december, 2015 showed maternal mortality ratio mmr of 7,364100,000 live births with 2015 having the highest mmr of 8,517100,000.
Feb 11, 2019 nigeria has a maternal mortality ratio of about 814 per 100,000 live births as at 2015. According to unicef estimates for nigeria, maternal mortality ratio is 1100 per 100,000 live births, antenatal care coverage 47 percent, institutional delivery rate 33 percent, and each woman bears six children on the average. Fifteen years earlier, the figure was slightly lower at 800 deaths per 100,000. Introduction in the year 2000, the country with the highest estimated number of maternal death is india 6,000 followed by nigeria 37,000 world. Reducing rural maternal mortality and the equity gap in northern nigeria. Original article investigating maternal mortality in a. Sociocultural and economic determinants of maternal health. By comparison, the total number of maternal deaths in 2015 in the 46 most developed countries was 1700, resulting in a maternal mortality ratio of 12 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births. This paper reports a facility based study in northcentral. Maternal mortality ratio modeled estimate, per 100,000 live. May 29, 2014 previous studies on neonatal mortality in nigeria have indicated that low birth weight, lack of antenatal care, maternal illness, mothers age, prematurity, and birth asphyxia are linked with neonatal mortality, but these studies were all hospitalbased casecontrol and experimental studies 811.
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